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Wednesday, April 22, 2020

Host Header attack


 In simple terms if a website x.com is requested and when i change the host to y.com , if I am able to open the host . Than it is a host header attack.

Vulnerability Description: 

Open Redirection is sometimes used as a part of phishing attacks that confuse visitors about which web site they are visiting.

How to find this Vulnerability 

1. Change host to x.com, Than click on go . If  not able to success . than try below method.
2. Change host to x.com and Set X-Forwarded-Host to original domain.com, if still unable to get success , try the below one
3. Do the opposite to step two , Means change host to original domain.com and Set X-Forwarded-Host to original x.com

If you are unable to find success with the above written steps , Than may be the website is secured for this vulnerability.

Remediation:

If possible, the application should avoid incorporating user-controllable data into redirection targets. In many cases, this behavior can be avoided in two ways:

Remove the redirection function from the application, and replace links to it with direct links to the relevant target URLs.

Maintain a server-side list of all URLs that are permitted for redirection. Instead of passing the target URL as a parameter to the redirector, pass an index into this list.


Example of a Bug Reported:

Vulnerable URL:
https://wakatime.com/settings/account?apikeyrefresh=true
Payload: " X-Forwarded-Host: bing.com "
How to reproduce this vulnerability:
  1. Open this URL " https://wakatime.com/settings/account?apikeyrefresh=true " and send it to the repeater in burp suite.
  2. add the payload to the header request and forward the request.
  3. It will directly redirect to bing.com

Impact

Impact:
Whenever a user visits this URL, it will redirect them to site.com. It is used in phishing attacks.

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